The Author maintains that moral conscience is a basic framework of human being. It is at the source of practical life. Through the exegesis of Rm 7,7-25 it is shed light on the anthropological phenomenon of conscience. It consists of three fundamental structures: 1) a skill for practical judgement; 2) a psychic set of multiple elements; 3) a subject whom it is referred to. Thus it is at the same time a shaping/forming instance of human ethos and a decisive factor in the making of a good life.